National CCA Map
State Links
Click on the name of a State to learn more about its Community Choice Aggregation programs.
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Fast Facts
Eleven states – California, Illinois, Maine, Maryland (Montgomery County pilot), Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Rhode Island and Virginia – have enacted Community Choice Aggregation (CCA) legislation that empowers local governments to aggregate the electricity loads of residents, businesses, and/or municipal facilities. Pennsylvania has a decades old state statute that allows boroughs to purchase electricity on behalf of their residents.
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CCA programs reflect the values of their governing boards, the communities they serve, and the states in which they operate. Most emphasize reducing the cost of electricity. Some also focus on reducing greenhouse gas emissions, establishing new revenue streams to support local energy programs, or creating local jobs, and some are designed to accomplish several of these goals simultaneously.
California
# of individuals
# of customer accounts
6.5 million
% of state population
# of communities
200+ active communities
(served by 25 programs)
Annual load
64 million MWh
Savings
State RPS
Renewable energy offers
2% lower than IOU
From standard to 100% renewable energy product offerings (through default, opt-down, or opt-up options). Many CCAs develop local renewables and storage.
60% renewable by 2030
100% clean by 2045
Illinois
Year
Statute
Eligibility
2009
Residential (opt-out)*
Commercial (opt-out)
Industrial (opt-in)
Local referendum?
Required
Typical CCA model(s)
Primarily municipal aggregation model with consultant/broker and supplier support.
# of individuals
2.9 million
# of customer accounts
1.17 million
% of state population
22%
# of communities
500+ active communities
750+ enabled
Annual load
11 million MWh
Savings
State RPS
Renewable energy offers
2% lower than IOU
​Historically focused on savings. From standard to 100% renewable energy product offerings (through default, opt-down, or opt-up options).
50% renewable by 2040
Maine
Year
Statute
Eligibility
2026
Residential (opt-out)*
Commercial (opt-out)
Industrial (excluded)
Local referendum?
Required
Typical CCA model(s)
N/A
# of individuals
N/A
# of customer accounts
N/A
% of state population
N/A
# of communities
N/A
Annual load
N/A
Savings
State RPS
Renewable energy offers
N/A
​N/A (Statute explicitly contemplates procurement choices including renewable energy products; municipalities can exceed utility renewable content.)
90% renewable by 2040
Maryland
Year
Statute
Eligibility
2021
Residential (opt-out)*
Commercial (limited)
Industrial (excluded)
Local referendum?
No statewide
requirement
Typical CCA model(s)
Montgomery County-administered pilot only. Expected launch date: 2027.
# of individuals
N/A
# of customer accounts
N/A
% of state population
N/A
# of communities
N/A
Annual load
N/A
Savings
State RPS
Renewable energy offers
N/A
N/A
50% renewable by 2030
100% clean by 2035
Massachusetts
# of individuals
3 million
# of customer accounts
1.2 million
% of state population
42%
# of communities
169 active communities
215 enabled
Annual load
7 million MWh
Savings
State RPS
Renewable energy offers
5% lower than IOU
From standard to 100% renewable energy product offerings (through default, opt-down, or opt-up options).
80% renewable by 2050
New Hampshire
Year
Statute
Eligibility
2019
Residential (opt-out)*
Commercial (opt-out)
Industrial (limited)
Local referendum?
No
Typical CCA model(s)
Municipal aggregation model with consultant/broker and supplier support; one Joint Power Agency (JPA) program.
# of individuals
625,000
# of customer accounts
250,000
% of state population
40%
# of communities
115 active communities
Annual load
1.8 million MWh
Savings
State RPS
Renewable energy offers
8-15% lower than IOU
From standard to 100% renewable energy product offerings (through default, opt-down, or opt-up options).
25% renewable by 2025
no RPS mandate past 2025
New Jersey
Year
Statute
Eligibility
2009
Residential (opt-out)*
Commercial (opt-out)
Industrial (limited)
Local referendum?
No
Typical CCA model(s)
Primarily municipal aggregation model with consultant/broker and supplier support.
# of individuals
1.1 million
# of customer accounts
475,000
% of state population
13%
# of communities
60 active communities
160 enabled
Annual load
3.3 million MWh
Savings
State RPS
Renewable energy offers
10-15% lower than IOU (required by law to be lower)
From standard to 100% renewable energy product offerings (through default, opt-down, or opt-up options).
50% renewable by 2030
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New York
# of individuals
N/A. Past: 875,000
# of customer accounts
N/A. Past: 350,000
% of state population
N/A
# of communities
0 active
158 enabled
Annual load
N/A. Past: 1.5 million MWh
Savings
State RPS
Renewable energy offers
2% lower than IOU
From standard to 100% renewable energy product offerings (through default, opt-down, or opt-up options).
70% renewable by 2030
100% clean by 2040
Ohio
# of individuals
4.75 million
# of customer accounts
1.9 million
% of state population
45%
# of communities
350+ active communities
632 enabled
Annual load
8.5 million MWh
Savings
State RPS
Renewable energy offers
4-6% lower than IOU
From standard to 100% renewable energy product offerings (through default, opt-down, or opt-up options).
8% renewable by 2026
(no RPS mandate
past 2026)
Rhode Island
Year
Statute
Eligibility
2002
Residential (opt-out)*
Commercial (opt-out)
Industrial (limited)
Local referendum?
No
Typical CCA model(s)
Primarily municipal aggregation model with consultant/broker and supplier support.
# of individuals
325,000
# of customer accounts
130,000
% of state population
30%
# of communities
7 active communities
Annual load
0.9 million MWh
Savings
State RPS
Renewable energy offers
10% lower than IOU
From standard to 100% renewable energy product offerings (through default, opt-down, or opt-up options).
100% renewable by 2033
Virginia
Year
Statute
Eligibility
1999
Residential (opt-out)*
Commercial (limited)
Industrial (limited)
Local referendum?
No
Typical CCA model(s)
HB 2319 (2003) authorized the State Corporation Commission to conduct pilot programs for aggregation.
# of individuals
N/A
# of customer accounts
N/A
% of state population
N/A
# of communities
N/A
Annual load
N/A
Savings
State RPS
Renewable energy offers
N/A
N/A
100% clean by 2045
* In many CCA states, customers already receiving generation service from a competitive supplier are excluded from automatic enrollment (i.e., opt-out). However, exclusions for net-metering customers, distributed-energy-resource participants, and low-income assistance recipients vary substantially by state and are often not required.